| 引用本文格式: Zhang Zhi-Qiang,Wang Ping-Ping,Lv Ya-Nan. Vortex distribution in ground state of rotating Bose-Einstein condensations in two-dimensional optical lattices [J]. J. At. Mol. Phys., 2025, 42(1): 016001 (in Chinese) 张志强,王平平,吕亚南. 二维光晶格中旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚基态中的涡旋分布 [J]. 原子与分子物理学报, 2025, 42(1): 016001] |
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| 二维光晶格中旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚基态中的涡旋分布 |
| Vortex distribution in ground state of rotating Bose-Einstein condensations in two-dimensional optical lattices |
| 摘要点击 251 全文点击 89 投稿时间：2023-03-15 修订日期：2023-04-06 |
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| DOI编号
10.19855/j.1000-0364.2025.016001 |
| 中文关键词
波色-爱因斯坦凝聚 涡旋 二维光晶格 复合势阱 |
| 英文关键词
Bose-Einstein condensate Vortex Two-dimensional optical lattices Composite potential |
| 基金项目
河南省高等学校重点科研项目 (23B140006) |
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| 中文摘要
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| 利用多重网格预条件共轭梯度法，研究了囚禁在二维光晶格与谐振势组成的复合势阱中的旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的涡旋分布，探讨了光晶格深度、晶格常数和凝聚体旋转频率对旋转凝聚体中涡旋分布的影响。结果表明，由于光晶格势阱的引入，凝聚体中产生涡旋，且涡旋位于外部势阱极小值处。随着光晶格势阱深度的增加，凝聚体集聚在光晶格势阱的底部，形成格点状分布，其中的涡旋形成涡旋对，并融合形成更大的涡旋。在晶格常数较小时，凝聚体中涡旋分布形成类似Abrikosov涡旋晶格，随着晶格常数的增加，凝聚体中涡旋的分布形式出现多样化，出现了内中外三层结构。随着旋转频率的增加，凝聚体中涡旋数目也随之增加，涡旋分布也更加复杂和富于变化，凝聚体密度分布范围也随着旋转频率的增加而扩展。当凝聚体旋转频率接近外部谐振势阱的谐振频率，即凝聚体处于最低朗道能级近似时，其中的涡旋数量大幅度增加，且出现涡旋成对组合与融合现象，并形成了涡旋斑图花纹。 |
| 英文摘要
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| The vortex distribution in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) trapped in a potential composed of two-dimensional optical lattice and harmonic potential is studied by using the multigrid preconditioned conjugate gradient method, and the effects of the depth of the optical lattice, the lattice constant and the rotation frequency of the condensates on the vortex distribution in rotating condensates are discussed. The results show that due to the introduction of the optical lattices, vortices are generated in the condensates, and the vortices are located with the minimum value of the external potential. As the depth of the optical lattice increases, the condensates gather at the bottom of the optical lattice, forming a lattice-like distribution, in which the vortices form vortex pairs and merge to form larger vortices. When the lattice constant is small, the vortex distribution in BEC is similar to the Abrikosov vortex lattice. With the increase of the lattice constant, the distribution of vortices in the condensate becomes diversified, and a three-layer structure appears. When the rotation frequency of the condensates increases, the number of vortices in BEC increases, and the vortex distribution becomes more complex and varied. The density distribution range of the condensate also expands with the increase of the rotation frequency. When the rotation frequency of the condensate is close to the frequency of the harmonic potential, that is, when the condensate is at the lowest Landau level approximation, the number of vortices in the condensate increases dramatically, and the phenomenon of vortex combination and fusion appear, then a vortex pattern will be formed. |
